Styles Ī parenting style is indicative of the overall emotional climate in the home. Also, lower working-class families do not get the kind of networking that the middle and upper classes do through helpful family members, friends, and community individuals or groups as well as various professionals or experts. Working-class children often grow up at a disadvantage with the schooling, communities, and level of parental attention available compared to those from the middle-class or upper-class. Ī family's social class plays a large role in the opportunities and resources that will be available to a child. In psychology, the parental investment theory suggests that basic differences between males and females in parental investment have great adaptive significance and lead to gender differences in mating propensities and preferences. Studies on these factors affecting parenting decisions have shown just that. However, parenting is always evolving, as times, cultural practices, social norms, and traditions change. Cultural values play a major role in how a parent raises their child. Social class, wealth, culture and income have a very strong impact on what methods of child rearing parents use. Additionally, research supports that parental history, both in terms of attachments of varying quality and parental psychopathology, particularly in the wake of adverse experiences, can strongly influence parental sensitivity and child outcomes. Parenting styles vary by historical period, race/ethnicity, social class, preference, and a few other social features. Parenting skills vary, and a parent or surrogate with good parenting skills may be referred to as a good parent. Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage. In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent or non-blood relations. Governments and society may also have a role in child-rearing or upbringing. However, a surrogate parent may be an older sibling, a step-parent, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle, other family members, or a family friend. The most common caretakers in parenting are the biological parents of the child in question. Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child and not exclusively for a biological relationship. Parenting or child rearing promotes and supports the physical, emotional, social, spiritual and cognitive development of a child from infancy to adulthood. For parental care in animals, see Parental investment.Ī father and mother holding their infant child For the magazine, see Parenting (magazine).
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